For this case, the absorption spectrum of a blue solution would have a maximum absorbance at a wavelength corresponding to orange light. In the example of a blue substance, there would be a strong absorbance of the complementary color of light, orange. The second way to create the perception of blue is for a material to have a strong absorbance of the opposite or complementary color of light. The transmission or reflectance spectrum would have a maximum at a wavelength corresponding to blue light. The absorption spectrum would show high absorbance of all visible wavelengths, besides blue. For our blue example, the material would absorb red, orange, yellow, and violet light. One is to absorb all wavelengths of visible light, aside from the perceived color. ![]() There are two ways for a material to produce the perception of a particular color. A substance that appears blue is transmitting or reflecting blue light to the eye and absorbing other colors of the white light that are not blue. The wavelengths of light that are not absorbed are transmitted or reflected to the observer's eye. The object absorbs some wavelengths of the light exactly which ones depends on the component molecule's energy levels. First consider white light, a mixture of all visible wavelengths, impinging on a colored object. The perceived color of an object has a complementary relationship with the color of the visible light absorbed. It is usually the result of a dynamic process on the molecular level: the absorption of light and the resulting change of a molecule's quantized energy. ![]() Thus, the first step in the perception of color also involves the absorption of visible light by molecules, in the retina of the perceiver's eye. These visible wavelengths match the differences between quantized energy levels of the detection molecules in the retina of the human eye. Visible light differs from these other types of light because it has a range of wavelengths that our eyes can detect. The object absorbs particular wavelengths of light that a given substance absorbs determines the color we perceive and depends on the energy levels of the molecules or atoms that make up the substance. The color of most objects depends upon the interaction between visible light and the electrons of atoms or molecules that make up the object.
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